Jules Massenet · 1842–1912 · French
| Composed | 1884 |
| Instrumentation | 2[1.2/pic] 2[1.2/eh] 2 2 — 4 2cnt 3 0 — tmp+3 — hp — str |
| Duration | 170 minutes |
| Soloists | Opera cast |
| Chorus | Yes |
| Genre | Opera |
| Tier | Core canon — standard repertoire |
| Editions & hire | Public domain — scores at IMSLP ↗ |
| Source | IMSLP — instrumentation ↗ |
Read in standard international shorthand: flutes · oboes · clarinets · bassoons — horns · trumpets · trombones · tuba — timpani · percussion — harp · keyboard. Section counts include doubling players. Always confirm against the publisher's official parts list before contracting musicians or renting materials.